Patterns of political unification and fragmentation have crucial implications for comparative economic development. Diamond (1997) famously argued that “fractured land” was responsible for China's tendency toward political unification and Europe's …
This paper employs micro data to examine the effects of primary care expansion in rural China from the 1960s to 1970s. The data reveal a steady increase in the presence of midwives in rural China, reflecting China’s efforts to train primary care …